This is the first such collaborative agreement in Canadian history including all the First Nations within an entire province. We are told it was made with stone tools, which makes it pre-colonial. 3.8 3.8 out of 5 stars (32) $6.95 $ 6. Mikmaq at Turtle Grove (Tufts Cove) settlement, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, ca. CafePress Flag of The Knights Templar Sticker Rectangle Bumper Sticker Car Decal. In Stock. They were released on 28 July 1779 after signing the Oath of Allegiance to the British Crown. These delegates did not officially represent the Mikmaw government, although many individual Mikmaq did privately join the Continental Army as a result. [79]:7980 Brasser said that, trading furs for European trade goods had changed Mikmaw social perspectives. FREE delivery Wed, Mar 8 on $25 of items shipped by Amazon. Measures 3 ft. x 5 ft. Made to order, allow up to two weeks for . "[11], The Mikmaw Grand Council is the official authority that engages in consultation with the Canadian federal government and the provincial government of Nova Scotia, as established by the historic August 30, 2010 agreement with the Mikmaq Nation, resulting from the MikmaqNova ScotiaCanada Tripartite Forum. On August 31, 2010, the governments of Canada and Nova Scotia signed a historic agreement with the Mikmaw Nation, establishing a process whereby the federal government must consult with the Mikmaw Grand Council before engaging in any activities or projects that affect the Mikmaq in Nova Scotia. The following Wednesday (October 28), Terry Paul, chief of Membertou First Nation, stepped down from his position with KMKNO and the Assembly of Nova Scotia Mi'kmaw Chiefs, saying "[his] confidence in the operations of the organization [sic] have weakened over time," citing issues of transparency, and preferring to pursue treaty rights negotiations outside of the Assembly. [16] Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, John James Grant, McNeil, and the Justice Minister Diana Whalen, pardoned Sylliboy and issued a formal apology: it was the "second posthumous pardon in Nova Scotia's history". The average growth from 1965 to 1970 was about 2.5%. [17] With the signing of various treaties, the 75 years of regular warfare ended in 1761 with the Halifax Treaties. Then the numbers grew slightly again, before becoming apparently stable during the 19th century. The Mi'gmaq people historically referred to themselves as L'nu (or Lnu); the term Mi'gmaq (or Mi'kmaq) means "the family" or "my allies/friends.". Mi'kmaq Nation Behavioral Health Services Direct Line: 207-764-4756 Health Clinic Health Clinic 207-764-1792 Fax 207-769-7409 Medical Records Fax # 207-769-7409 Office Hours: Monday and Wednesday 8:00 AM-4:00 PM ET Tuesday and Thursday 8:00 AM -6:00 PM ET Friday 8:00AM-Noon Closed all Federal and Tribal Holidays Tribal Administration and Government The proposal did not define "moderate livelihood", and was rejected. [43] On August 20, 2001, the DFO issued a temporary license to Burnt Church Mi'kmaw fishers while negotiations for a more permanent agreement were underway. By 1578, some 350 European ships were operating around the Saint Lawrence estuary. The claim alleges that the non-Indigenous fishers named as defendants took the law into their own hands and engaged in violence against the moderate livelihood fishery, that they were encouraged to do so by BFIFA, and that the DFO and RCMP contributed to the harm by not intervening in the foreseeable violence. [37] The West Nova Fishermen's Coalition submitted an appeal asking for the Marshall decision to be set aside. The boxdrains on Smith's Cove. One commercial lobster license represents 350 tags. 1873, Bras d'Or - Pitawpoq, Indian name; Little Bras d'Or - Panuskek, Indian name, Mikmaq Language. In the wake of King Philip's War between English colonists and Native Americans in southern New England (which included the first military conflict between the Mikmaq and New England), the Mikmaq became members of the Wapnki (Wabanaki Confederacy), an alliance with four other Algonquian-language nations: the Abenaki, Penobscot, Passamaquoddy, and Maliseet. Others today live in Newfoundland and the northeastern region of Maine. The orthography between parentheses is the Listuguj orthography used in the Gespegewagi area. 1979. Index: The Mi'kmaq in Canadian Census Records. In 1763, Great Britain formalized its colonial possession of all of Mikmaki in the Treaty of Paris. Mi'kmaq Flag Pack Ad vertisement by NishGear NishGear. The Mi'kmaq language was written using Mikmaq hieroglyphic writing. Today, there are Wolastoqiyik communities in Quebec and the Maritimes as well as in Maine. Mi'kmaq culture as well as their economy came under attack in the first half of the 20th century. [127] They use the boughs to make beds, the bark to make a beverage, and the wood for kindling and fuel.[128]. [71]:214[72], In southwestern Nova Scotia, there is archaeological evidence that traces traditional land use and resources to at least 4,000 years. [25]:3[Notes 1] Although this older spelling is still in use, the Mikmaq consider the spelling "Micmac" to be "tainted" by colonialism. Finguard writes: Bromley's attitudes towards the Indians were singularly enlightened for his day. At the time of the launch of the Potlotek fishery, Membertou was also planning on launching their own fishery, following a similar plan. They amassed enormous wealth and helped finance wars of some European monarchs. Events and Activities. Developed leadership did not extend beyond hunting parties. This includes Mikmaw creation stories and myths which account for the organization of the world and society; for instance, how men and women were created and why they are different from one another. [79]:8384, According to the Nova Scotia Museum, bear teeth and claws were used as decoration in regalia. Mi'kmaq History & Culture - Program Page Hero - Permanent. The Mi'kmaq, Maliseet, and Pasamaquoddy nations signed a series of treaties known as the Covenant Chain of Peace and Friendship Treaties with the British Crown throughout the eighteenth century; the first was signed in 1725, and the last in 1779. The second is the acknowledgement of the territory as both ancestral and unceded recognizing that the Peace and Friendship treaties signed between the British . There were traditionally three levels of oral traditions: religious myths, legends, and folklore. Bill is in a unique position to present these little-knownfacts, as he is a direct descendant of the D. Orade dragon lady Future Tour Guide Posts: 1927 Joined: Thu Aug 17, 2006 1:37 am Location: Guardin' my treasure! French Jesuit missionaries adopted their use to teach Catholic prayers and religion to the Mi'kmaw. In the early 21st century, this site is now within the reserve known as Chapel Island or Potlotek. Called the flag of St. John, it has been used since ancient times. Other Canadian Flags >> Mi'kmaq Grand Council Flag; Double click on above image to view full picture. [38] On October 3, 1999, non-Indigenous commercial fishers in 150 boats destroyed hundreds of Mi'kmaw lobster traps, then returned to shore and vandalized fishing equipment, as well as three fish plants. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53, Speck, Frank G. and R.W. When the Mi'kmaq first encountered Europeans in the 16th and . AZ FLAG Templar Baussant Table Flag 5'' x 8'' - Catholic Desk Flag 21 x 14 cm - Black Plastic Stick and Base. The tribe's flag was a red cross with a moon and a star on each side on top that is astonishingly similar to the Templars. There are 170,000 Mi'kmaq people in the region, (including 18,044 members in the recently formed Qalipu First Nation in Newfoundland. Qty: Add to Wishlist . [64] The fishers said they were putting pressure on Premier McNeil to act. Mi'kmaq Ashley Ashley is a Scottish historian, author, and documentary filmmaker presenting original perspectives on historical problems in accessible and exciting ways. Silas Tertius Rand in 1849 help found the Micmac Missionary Society, a full-time Mikmaw mission. Approximately one third of this population can read, write and speak the Mi'kmaq language. File:Mikmaq State Flag.svg From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository File File history File usage on Commons File usage on other wikis Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 800 400 pixels. The letters: N,A,M,T are very significant: N - Nin (I or Me) A - Alasotmoinoi (being a Catholic) M - Mento (gisna gil mentoin (devil)) The Knights Templar The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Latin: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Solomonici), commonly known as the Knights Templar, the Order of the Temple (French: Ordre du Temple or Templiers) or simply as Templars, were among the most famous of the Western Christian military orders. [71]:211 From 2011 to 2012 there was a 25% increase in Mikmaw students going to university. Reading Lists. "The definite article "the" suggests that "Mikmaq" is the undeclined form indicated by the initial letter "m". Mi'kmaq lobster boat captain Michael Basque, from Potlotek First Nation, poses on The Seventeen52, his wooden lobster boat, during his nation's moderate livelihood fishery in St. Peter's Bay, Cape Breton Island, N.S., in early December.The name of the lobster vessel is a reference to the treaty of 1752 with the British Crown upon which the Supreme Court of Canada based the Marshall . [79]:78 In the same 1978 Handbook, anthropologist Philip Bock described the annual cycle of seasonal movement of precontact Mikmaq. Written languages among Native American peoples were very rare. In response, the British offered charity or, the word most often used by government officials, "relief". [90] Their conceptions of land use were quite different. Alternative names for the Mi'kmaq appear in some historical sources and include Gaspesians, Souriquois and Tarrantines. Simon. During the raids, a van was set aflame, another vehicle was defaced and damaged, lobsters being stored in the facilities were destroyed, and the New Edinburgh facility was damaged, while a Mikmaw fisher was forced to barricade himself inside the facility in Middle West Pubnico. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258, Last edited on 15 February 2023, at 15:29, MikmaqNova ScotiaCanada Tripartite Forum, Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site, Royal Commission on the Donald Marshall, Jr. Ferguson, R. 1986. These census posts are part of a larger project to identify the surnames that have appeared among Indigenous, Metis and Mixed-heritage people over the past few hundred years across what is now Canada. One man was taken to hospital with life-threatening injuries after the fire, but the RCMP did not provide details regarding the man's association to the lobster pound, other than that he was not an employee. The British originally referred to the people as Tarrantines, which appears to have a French basis. This is from that site link, above: "There's further proof that the Mi'kmaq and the Templars were allied with each other. During the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years' War between France and Britain in Europe, the Mikmaq assisted the Acadians in resisting the British during the Expulsion. [73], In the chapter "Late Prehistory of the East Coast" in the Smithsonian's 1978 Handbook of North American Indians, archaeologist Dean Snow says that the fairly deep linguistic split between the Mikmaq and the Eastern Algonquians to the southwest suggests the Mikmaq developed an independent prehistoric cultural sequence in their territory. The first Treaty Day occurred the year after the Supreme Court upheld the Peace Treaty of 1752 signed by Jean-Baptiste Cope and Governor Peregrine Hopson. Trader preferences for good harbors resulted in greater numbers of Mikmaq gathering in fewer summer rendezvous locations. [Notes 5] In May 2003, the House of Commons' Standing Committee On Fisheries And Oceans chaired by MP Tom Wappel, submitted its report on fisheries issues, which "recommended that all charges stemming from the [confrontation over the lobster fisheries]" be dropped and that the fishers should be compensated by federal government for "their lost traps and boats. "[10], Some historians have asserted that first treaty signed in 1725, after Father Rale's War, did not cede hunting, fishing, and gathering rights. European explorers in the 16th and 17th centuries the Mi'kmaq lived in the region now known as the Maritime provinces and the Gasp peninsula. [73]:10 Lewis, who has held the position of ethnology curator at the Nova Scotia Museum in Halifax, since 2007[77] focused his MA research specifically on pre-contact fish weirs in southwestern Nova Scotia. [54] DFO reported that as of December 2019, there were 979 commercial lobster licenses in LFA 34. [56], On September 17, Sipekne'katik launched a "moderate livelihood fishery" with a ceremony at the Saulnierville wharf, the first lobster fishery regulated by Mikmaq in Nova Scotia. Read More [35]:5, The Mi'kmaq may have identified as "the Red Earth People, or the People of the Red Earth". Following in the footsteps of friend and fellow Mi'kmaw artist Jordan Bennett, Evans was selected as one of six Indigenous artists for the collective's tattoo training residency in Kelowna, B.C. strategic alliances and intermarriages, which occurredamongst the guardian Knights Templar, members of the Holy Bloodline and the Native NorthAmericans, specifically the Mi'kmaq and Algonquins. [12] This collaborative agreement, which includes all the First Nations within the province of Nova Scotia, was the first in Canadian history. Adopting a term from the English, they referred to them as Mickmakis. [39] In the 2018 publication, Truth and conviction: Donald Marshall Jr. and the Mi'kmaw quest for justice, Marshall was quoted as saying, "I dont need a licence. Indigenous leaders called the raids racist hate crimes and called on the RCMP to intervene, citing their slow response on the evening and lack of arrests even a day after the police claimed they "witnessed criminal activity". The Mikmaw Resource Guide says that "Mikmaq" means "the family". They call this region Mi'kma'ki. Curiously, a tribe called the Mi'kmaq, that occupied this region of Canada during Sinclair's alleged expedition, designed their flag in a manner that is a mirror image of the Templar battle flag. "[104] This ultimately led to the Mikmaq people of Newfoundland not receiving indian status or recognition as First Nations that other indigenous groups in Canada did in the years following. The Grand Council was composed of Keptinaq ("captains" in English), who were the district chiefs. In addition, it is not believed that pre-contact Mikmaq had any form of written language. Mikmaw territory was the first portion of North America that Europeans exploited at length for resource extraction. The management plan behind this fishery had been in development for three months, prompted by the seizure of lobster traps by DFO officials. [43] The "Aboriginal right to fish for food, social and ceremonial purposes (FSC)" was confirmed in the landmark 1990 R. v. Sparrow Supreme Court case which cited section 35 of the 1982 Constitution Act, 1982. The school is the most successful First Nation Education Program in Canada, according to Benjamin. There were also elders, the puts (wampum belt readers and historians, who also dealt with the treaties with the non-natives and other Native tribes), the women's council, and the grand chief. The first is particular acknowledgement that the land Dalhousie sits on is part of Mi'kma'ki, the territory of the Mi'kmaq. Mikmaw delegates concluded the first international treaty, the Treaty of Watertown, with the United States soon after it declared its independence in July 1776. [115][116][117], In 2017, only 18,044 people were eligible for Band membership. In 1715, the Mikmaq were told that the British now claimed their ancient territory by the Treaty of Utrecht. The traditional national territory of the Mi'kmaq is named Mikmaki (or Migmagi). The Mi'kmaq flag is the mirror image of the marine flag of the Knights Templar. The letters: N,A,M,T are very significant N - Nin (I or Me) A - Alasotmoinoi (being a Catholic) He was the first to use the rights defined in the Treaty of 1752 in his court defence. QC | Bonaventure Mann | Mi'kmaq (1921) Index: Native Surname Census Extracts. Is the Mi'kmaq tribe proof of the Templars in America? [101] Historian Ruth Holmes Whitehead writes, "Ethnographer of the Micmac nation could rightly have been his epitaph, his final honour. The FNI included six Mi'kmaq bands (Elmastogoeg First Nations, Corner Brook Indian Band, Flat Bay Indian Band, Gander Bay Indian Band, Glenwood Mi'kmaq First Nation, and the Port au Port Indian Band). They participated in the Maugerville Rebellion and the Battle of Fort Cumberland in 1776. [35] Stansbury Hagar suggested in Micmac Magic and Medicine that the word megumawaach is from megumoowesoo, in reference to magic.[35]. Social media posts from the commercial fishers and their supporters claimed that the lobsters taken in the raids were removed as they represented "bad fishing practices" on the part of the Mikmaq, but Sipekne'katik Chief Mike Sack and a worker at the Middle West Pubnico facility claimed the lobsters that were stored there were caught by the commercial fishers, not Mikmaw. Footer Menu. One myth explains that the Mikmaq once believed that evil and wickedness among men is what causes them to kill each other. The red rectangular flag with the white latin cross is the State flag of the Sovereign Order of Malta. Marc Lescarbot had also suggested this. [20]:1 The petroglyphs date from the late prehistoric period through the nineteenth century. Immediately after the ruling, Mi'kmaw fishers began to lay lobster traps out of season. Mi'kmaq (Mi'kmaw, Micmac or L'nu, "the people" in Mi'kmaq) are Indigenous peoples who are among the original inhabitants in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada. On September 30th there will be a flag raising ceremony at 10:00 AM in Grand parade Square with Mayor Mike Savage. [26] The "q" ending is used in the plural form of the noun, and Mikmaw is used as singular of Mikmaq. Present on the territory of Gaspsie (Gespe'gewa'gi) for over 10,000 . Sessional papers, Volume 5 By Canada. [91]:163, The arrival of the New England Planters and United Empire Loyalists in greater number put pressure on land use and the treaties. [60] Their court date is set for March 29, 2021. From J. G. Millais, Newfoundland and its Untrodden Ways (London: Longmans, Green, 1907) facing 16. Maps showing the approximate locations of areas occupied by members of the Wabanaki Confederacy (from north to south): Eastern Abenaki (Penobscot, Kennebec, Arosaguntacook, Pigwacket/Pequawket, Western Abenaki (Arsigantegok, Missisquoi, Cowasuck, Sokoki, Pennacook, This article is about the people. Minister David Crombie was willing to work with the FNI and the government of Newfoundland, but the provincial government considered it to be a federal matter. By 1903, apart from farming, the principal occupation of the Mikmaq on reserves throughout Nova Scotia, and particularly on the Shubenacadie, Indian Brook, and Millbrook Reserves, was producing the Mic-Mac hockey stick. Click to read about the possible origins of the present flag, the Templar Battle Flag: Templar Battle Flags The new one raised must be of truly Mi'kmaq origin and designed by Mi'kmaw artists. [80][81] The most important animal hunted by the Mikmaq was the moose, which was used in every part: the meat for food, the skin for clothing, tendons and sinew for cordage, and bones for carving and tools. The Templars, whose full name was "Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon," were founded in 1119 by knights sworn to protecting Christian pilgrims visiting the Holy Land after the Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099. The Mi'kmaq Grand Council flag joins the Canadian, New Brunswick, United Kingdom, Acadian and Moncton flags already flying outside the building. [110] In total over 100,000 applications were sent in to join the Qalipu, equivalent of one-fifth of the province's population. It is also used as an adjective, for example, "the Mikmaw nation". [92][93][94], As their military power waned in the beginning of the 19th century, the Mikmaw people made explicit appeals to the British to honor the treaties and reminded them of their duty to give "presents" to the Mikmaq in order to occupy Mikmaki. [37] This resulted in the 1993 charges laid against Marshall Jr. for "fishing eels out of season, fishing without a licence, and fishing with an illegal net". CHILDRESS: Within this greater Nova Scotia area, there are many signs that the Templars were there. Now he's inking friends in the basement of his home in St. John's, including people from Inuit, Mi'kmaq and Mtis communities. [12], On September 17, 1999, the Supreme Court of Canada upheld the treaty rights of Mikmaw Donald Marshall Jr. its landmark R v Marshall ruling, which "affirmed a treaty right to hunt, fish and gather in pursuit of a 'moderate livelihood'. However, it's hard to imagine that a modern government would fall back and try to use such uncivilized garbage as justification for non-recognition of aboriginal title. Also, they were told they had to send their children to British schools for education.[95]. [79]:7980 These fishermen salted their catch at sea and sailed directly home with it, but they set up camps ashore as early as 1520 for dry-curing cod. Niijimaa(g), "my brother(s)/comrade(s)") or the n3 prefix w- (i.e., Wiijimaa(g), "brother(s)/compatriot(s)/comrade(s)"). To this end and in support of the proposal I offer the following . A notable exception, however, was the written language of the Micmac people (commonly spelled Mi'kmaq today, with the sound "mi" representing the definite article in their language, and the word Mi'kmaq indicating "The Family" or "The People," according to some sources).The Micmac written language, which contains remarkable . It was often a cross patee, but any style of cross was acceptable. The treaties were only formally recognized by the Supreme Court of Canada once they were enshrined in Section 35 of the Constitution Act of 1982. The Government of Canada settled the lawsuit for upwards of CA$5 billion. [22], Christian Kauder was a missionary in Mikmaki from 1856 to 1871. [111][112][113][114] Several Mikmaw institutions, including the Grand Council, had argued that the Qalipu Mikmaq Band did not have legitimate aboriginal heritage and was accepting too many members. The back bow is about 30", with it's it's own nocks on the large bow 69" ntn. In his 2003 book about the British expulsion of the Acadians, University of Cincinnati history professor, Geoffrey Plank, described the relationship between the Mi'kmaq and Acadians as strong. [107], In 2003, Minister Andy Scott was presented with a report recommending a First Nations band without any reserved land to represent the Mi'kmaq of Newfoundland. [98]:61 The department of Indian Affairs for Nova Scotia noted in 1927 that the Mikmaq remained the "experts" at making hockey sticks. The Vikings and Basque fishermen were distant towards this people, considered primitive because of their different lifestyle and language. [61] The destruction led to further calls from Chief Sack for increased police presence, as well as an appeal from the Maritime Fisherman's Union for the federal government to appoint an independent mediator. These regulations prevent Mi'kmaw lobster fishers from selling their lobster to non-Mi'kmaq. Autumn frost killed the biting insects during the September harvest of spawning American eels. Micmac Indian Fact Sheet (Mi'kmaq) Native American Facts For Kids was written for young people learning about the Micmacs for school or home-schooling reports. Bromley totally dismissed the idea that native people were naturally inferior and set out to encourage their material improvement through settlement and agriculture, their talents through education, and their pride through his own study of their languages.[96]. The symbol of the Knights Templar was a Red Cross on a white field (sometimes black and white on their standards). They hunted marine mammals such as porpoises, whales, walrus, and seals.[82]. Bock wrote that the Mi'kmaq had lived in dispersed interior winter camps and larger coastal communities during the summer. Mi'kmaq Archives - The Templar Knight Archives The Templars in America - true or false? As noted, the pre-contact Mi'kmaq developed these hieroglyphs. John Cabot was the first European explorer who took three Amerindians to England in 1497. One Mikmaw was killed and 16 were taken prisoner to Quebec. [52], On September 11, Sipekne'katik First Nation Chief Michael Sack sent a letter to Premier Stephen McNeil, DFO Minister Bernadette Jordan and Nova Scotia RCMP Commanding Officer Lee Bergerman, calling for them to uphold the rule of law amid ongoing violence, threats, human rights discrimination and ongoing failure to uphold the 1999 Supreme Court of Canada decision in R. v. Marshall, recognizing the Mikmaq right to fish and trade. By that point, vehicles and property belonging to members of the Sipekne'katik First Nation had already been damaged and stolen, including boats being burned. [24] They assert it is the oldest writing system for an indigenous language in North America north of Mexico. The Nova Scotia Museum's Mi'kmaq Portraits Collection is a database of more than 700 portraits and illustrations that provides a glimpse into the history of the Mi'kmaq of Atlantic Canada. The Mikmaw people had very little in the way of physical recording and storytelling; petroglyphs, while used, are believed to have been rare. [64], On October 17, Nova Scotia Premier Stephen McNeil, released a Twitter statement requesting that the federal government define "what constitutes legal harvesting in a "moderate livelihood" fishery. [46][47] These regulations do not mention the Mi'kmaq or the Marshall decision. "It is now the preferred choice of our People." [26], Lnu (the adjectival and singular noun, previously spelled "L'nu"; the plural is Lnk, Lnuk, Lnug, or Lng) is the term the Mikmaq use for themselves, their autonym, meaning "human being" or "the people". Journal of Anthropology at McMaster 5( 1 ). The Mikmaw people have been commemorated in numerous ways, including HMCS Micmac (R10), and place names such as Lake Micmac, and the Mic Mac Mall.[134]. This covers most, if not all, actions these governments might take within that jurisdiction. Leclercq adopted the use of Mi'kmaq hieroglyphs to teach Catholic prayers and hymns to the people in their own form of language. It emphasized maritime orientation, as the area had relatively few major river systems. Jerry Lonecloud worked with historian and archivist Harry Piers to document the ethnography of the Mikmaw people in the early 20th century. [35]:5 Rand translated megakumegek as "red on the earth", "red ground", or "red earth". 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Oral traditions: religious myths, legends, and seals. [ 95 ] Program in Canada According... 170,000 Mi'kmaq people in their own form of language to lay lobster traps out of season 20th century who three... They participated in the mi'kmaq flag templar formed Qalipu first Nation in Newfoundland and coastal!:78 in the region, ( including 18,044 members in the same 1978,.